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On This Day
America250
— 250 years since 1776. Explore two and a half centuries of American history.
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31 entries
People
(3)
Cesar Chavez
Labor organizer who won rights for America's farmworkers
Emma Lazarus
The poet whose words gave the Statue of Liberty its voice
Jane Addams
Social reformer, Nobel laureate, and founder of Hull House
Places
(11)
Angel Island
The Pacific gateway where arrival often meant detention, not welcome
Boston
Birthplace of the American Revolution and one of the republic's oldest cities
California
The state that absorbed the Gold Rush, built Hollywood, and became America's largest economy
Chicago
The city that built itself from nothing, burned down, rebuilt, and became America's most American city
Ellis Island
The New York Harbor immigration station that processed 12 million arrivals, 1892–1954
Los Angeles
The city that became America's second metropolis by inventing itself from scratch
New Orleans
The city where France, Spain, Africa, and America collided to produce a culture unlike any other
New York
The empire state — gateway, financial capital, and engine of American ambition
New York City
America's largest city and the commercial, cultural, and immigrant capital of the nation
San Francisco
California's gateway city, remade by gold, catastrophe, and perpetual reinvention
Statue of Liberty
The French gift that became America's most enduring symbol of freedom and welcome
Events
(5)
California Gold Rush
The 1848–1855 mass migration that transformed California and accelerated the sectional crisis
Columbus Day
The contested October holiday marking Columbus's 1492 landing
New York Draft Riots
The deadliest civil insurrection in American history, ignited by the inequities of the Civil War draft
The Great Migration
The movement of six million Black Americans from the South to the North and West, 1910–1970
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
The 1848 peace that gave the United States a third of a continent — and intensified the slavery crisis
Documents
(3)
Chinese Exclusion Act
The First Federal Law to Bar Immigration by Race, 1882
Immigration Act of 1924
The Johnson-Reed Act That Closed America's Door by Race and Nation
The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965
The Hart-Celler Act that abolished the national-origins quotas and remade America
Concepts
(7)
American Dream
The belief that effort and merit guarantee opportunity in America
Immigration
The continuous movement of people that built, transformed, and defined the United States
Judaism in America
From a 1654 landing in New Amsterdam to the largest Jewish diaspora community in history
Machine Politics
The urban political organizations that traded services for votes and ran American cities for a century
Nativism
The recurring American belief that immigrants threaten the national character
U.S.–Mexico Relations
A 1,954-mile border, a war that one side calls an invasion, and two centuries of inseparable entanglement
Urbanization
The great demographic transformation that moved America from a rural to an urban nation
Organizations
(2)
Hull House
Jane Addams's settlement house that pioneered American social work, 1889
Tammany Hall
The New York political machine that ran on patronage and graft, 1789–1960s
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169
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147
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115
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113
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111
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95
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90
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82
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74
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71
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71
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62
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61
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58
Westward Expansion
57
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56
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55
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54
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51
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49
Modern America
46
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42
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41
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38
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33
Immigration
31
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30
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